Needle scaler



WHITE EEDLE SCALER Filed Oct. 3, 1963 TOR HOYT Hfl' ATTORNEYS UnitedStates Patent 3,13,9tl8 NEEDLE SCALER Hoyt T. White, Hampton, Va,assignor to Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company, NewportNews, 122., a corporation of Virginia Filed Get. 3, 1%3, Ser. No.313,465 Claims. ((31. 29-81) This invention relates to a cleaning orscale removing tool, and more particularly to a tool adapted to bereciprocated by a power operated device so that the tool may strikerepeated blows to a surface for removing scale, rust, paint and the liketherefrom.

Briefly, the invention comprises an anvil adapted to be reciprocated bya power device and having a group of scale removing elements slidablymounted thereon so that when the anvil is reciprocated, the scaleremoving elements may strike the surface of an article for removingscale and other material therefrom. Since the scale removing elementsare movable relative to one another and to the anvil on which they aremounted, they are particularly adapted for cleaning or scaling anarticle having an irregular surface.

It is an object of this invention to provide a scaling device which issimple in design, economical to manufacture, is strong and durable inuse and requires a minimum of maintenance.

It is another object of this invention to provide a needle scaler whichis light in weight and is adapted to be connected by releasable means toany conventional power driven hammer such as an air hammer. Since theneedle scaler is connected by removable means to a power driven hammer,it may be easily removed from and replaced on the hammer with a minimumof effort and time.

It is still another object of this invention to provide a needle scalerhaving movable scaling elements or needles which are arranged in anarrow rectangular pattern so that in use the needles may be extendedinto narrow spaces and openings for cleaning surfaces therein.

It is yet another object of this invention to provide a needle scalerwhich has movable scaling elements consisting of conventional finishingnails which are easily and economically obtained.

it is yet another object of this invention to provide a needle scalerwherein its component parts are secured together in a new and novelmanner.

The invention will be best understood from a consideration of thefollowing detailed description taken in connection with the accompanyingdrawings, wherein:

FTGURE 1 is a front perspective view of the invention;

FIGURE 2 is a rear perspective view of the invention;

FIGURE 3 is an enlarged cross sectional view taken substantially on theplane of line 33 of FIGURE 2;

FIGURE 4 is a cross sectional view taken substantially on the plane ofline 4-4 in FIGURE 3;

FIGURE 5 is a cross sectional view taken substantially on the plane ofline 55 of FIGURE 3.

As illustrated in the drawings wherein like reference numeralsthroughout the various figures indicate identical parts, the needlescaler comprises an anvil 12, a sleeve 14, a nose or cover 16 and aplurality of scaling elements or needles 18.

The anvil 12 is composed of hardened metal and includes a plurality ofcylindrical parts coaxial with one another. The cylindrical body 20 ofthe anvil has opposite end surfaces 22 and 24 extending radially andparallel to one another. A mounting shaft 26 is secured integrally tothe center of face 24 and projects outwardly therefrom. Shaft is isprovided with a ground reduced end portion 28. A cylindrical reducedextension or por- 3,1933% Patented July 13, 1965 tion 39 is integrallyconnected to the center of the front face 22 and projects forwardlytherefrom. The extension 30 is integrally connected to a cylindricalprojection 32 having a radially extending circular striking face 34.

The sleeve 14 is of hollow cylindrical shape and has an inner endportion which snugly telescopically receives the reduced extension 34 sothat a relatively tight frictional fit is provided between the sleeveand extension. The sleeve 14 is provided with a threaded boretherethrough into which is threaded a set screw 36 having a reducednon-threaded cylindrical extension 38 which snugly fits within acylindrical bore formed in the extension 30. The sleeve 14 also includesa radially extending end wall 40 having a circular bore 42concentrically formed therethrough.

A circular mounting disc 48, is located within sleeve 14 so as to abutthe wall 40, and is welded to the sleeve by welds 46. As shown inFTGURES 3 and 5, the disc 48 has rows of bores 51 formed therethroughwhich are arranged in a narrow rectangular pattern. Slidably mounted inthe bores 51 are a plurality of scaling elements or needles preferablycomprising conventional finishing nails 18 which are case hardened. Eachnail 18 comprises an elongated cylindrical body formed with aconicalpoint 52 on one of its ends and a slightly enlarged cylindrical head 54on its other end. A cylindrical space 56 within sleeve 14 is defined bythe striking face 34 and the rear face of disc 48. Space 56 has an axiallength which is approximately two-and-one-half times the axial length ofnail heads 54.

The nose or cover 16 includes a rear tubular portion 58 telescopicallyreceiving the forward end portion of sleeve 14 and secured thereto as bywelds 6d. The forward end of the nose or cover 16 is defined by an ovalshaped edge 62 which encloses an opening 64 of substantially the samesize and shape as the pattern defined by the bores 51 whereby thecentral portions of the nails 18 slidably engage the edge 62 and areretained in position thereby. Due to manufacturing tolerances, thediameters of the nails 18 may vary thereby causing them to have arelatively loose fit within the bores 57. However, in spite of such aloose fit, the nails are prevented from separating from one another attheir pointed ends since they are positively retained adjacent oneanother by the edge 62. The edge 62 is integrally connected to thetubular portion 58 by a tapered wall 64 of substantially conical shape.The opening defined by edge 62 and the rectangular pattern of the bores51 each have a length substantially two-and-one-half times their widths.

To disassemble the needle scaler it), it is only necessary to remove setscrew 36 and axially separate sleeve 14 from the reduced extension 30whereupon the nails 18 may be easily withdrawn from the bores 51, and ifdesired, may be replaced by new nails, since the nail points 52 maybecome dull in use.

To reassemble the needle scaler, the new nails are reassembled withinthe bores 51 so that the heads 54 are adjacent the disc 48. The sleeve14 is then forced upon the extension 30 until the end of the sleeveabuts the face 22. The set screw as may then be screwed into the boreformed in sleeve 14 so as to positively lock the sleeve and anviltogether. When the sleeve 14 is assembled on the extension 39, a smoothouter cylindrical surface is provided on the scaler 10 since sleeve 14and body 20 are of the same external diameter.

In use, the needle scaler Til is attached to a conventional pneumatic orelectric hammer by means of shaft 26 and its reduced end 2%. Forexample, the reduced end 23 may be detachably connected to a powerdriven hammer by means of a conventional chuck or socket provided on thehammer. To remove paint, rust, scale, etc.,

from surfaces of 'art'icles the nail points'52 are placed adjacent thesurfaces and the needle scaler is rapidly reciprocated back and forth bythe power driven hammer to which it is attached. Since the nails 18 arefree to slide relative to the, anvil 12, when some. of thepoints 524strike a roughened surface the. other points will move by kinetic energyor inertia into depressions inv the surface thereby cleaning the highspots as well as the low spotston the surfaces. Nails of differentsizes, weights and lengths In use, the heads 54 of nails 181areconstantly banging against the striking face 34 which may causeflattening and radial enlargement of the cylindrical projection 32.However, since anrannular space 66 is provided between the projection 32and the inside of sleeve 1'4; the projection 32 is free to eXpandwithoutbinding within sleeve 14.

will receiving a reduced portion of said anvil, said striking facelocated within said sleeve and on a free end of said reduced portion,said sleeve having an end wall spaced from said striking surface andprovidedwith an opening therethrough, said scaling elements extendingthrough said opening and having head-meanslocated between said strikingsurfaces and' end wall;

A scaling' device as defined in claim 1', including a disc welded to:said. end wall and closing said opening, said disc being provided withrows of bores therethrough,

, one of said scaling elements slidably extending through Inasmuch asvarious changes may be made in the a.

7 form, location and relative arrangement of, the several parts withoutdepartingfrom the essential characteristics of the invention, it"will beunderstood that the invention said anvil so that one end of each scalingelement may 1 move into and out ofcontact with said striking face, saidelongated mounting member comprising a stepped shaft in axial alignmentwith said striking surface and said mounting means comprising a,cup-shaped'sleeve telescopically each of said bores, saiddisc beingparallel to said striking. surface and spacedtherefromadist-ancesubstantially greater than the axial dimension of each ofsaidhead means. 7 a

3; A scaling device as defined in claim 2, Whereinsaid rows of bores arearrangedin a narrow rectangular pattern; I Y

4. A. scaling. device as defined in claim 2, including a tubular nosecover having one end welded to said sleeve and another end enclosing acentral portion of each of saidscaling elements. V

5. A scaling device as defined in'claim 4, wherein the other end of saidnose cover is reduced in size and has an inner surface engaging andslidably guiding each of said scaling elements.

References (iited by the Examiner. V UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,136,59511/38 Rogers 29-81 2,356,314 8/44 Gray et al. 2981 2,672,677 3/54 VonArX 29-81 2,716,314 7 8/55 Upham t 2981 A. WILLMUTH, Primary Examiner.

WALTER A. SCI-IEEL, Examiner.

1. A SCALING DEVICE COMPRISING AN ANVIL HAVING A STRIKING FACE ON ONE OFITS SIDES, AN ELONGATED MOUNTING MEMBER SECURED TO AN OPPOSITE SIDE OFSAID ANVIL AND PROJECTING THEREFROM, A PLURALITY OF SCALING ELEMENTS,AND MOUNTING MEANS MOVABLY MOUNTING SAID SCALING ELEMENTS ON SAID ANVILSO THAT ONE END OF EACH SCALING ELEMENT MAY MOVE INTO AND OUT OF CONTACTWITH SAID STRIKING FACE, SAID ELONGATED MOUNTING MEMBER COMPRISING ASTEPPED SHAFT IN AXIAL ALIGNMENT WITH SAID STRIKING SURFACE AND SAIDMOUNTING MEANS COMPRISING A CUP-SHAPED SLEEVE TELESCOPICALLY RECEIVING AREDUCED PORTION OF SAID ANVIL, SAID STRIKING FACE LOCATED WITHIN SAIDSLEEVE AND ON A FREE END OF SAID RE-